Abstract: The assessment of biotic-habitat relationships provides key information to predict biotic responses to perturbations and important tools for river management and monitoring. This study aimed to assess the spatial distribution of Ephemeroptera and Trichoptera in mountain streams of central Argentina. We evaluated the effect of seasonality and identified the variables conditioning the abundance of the assemblages and the habitat with the highest taxonomic richness. Sampling was carried out in four streams (Carcarañá River basin) during high and low water periods. Three lotic habitats were sampled: riffles, coarse substrate runs, and fine substrate runs; and physicochemical and habitat variables were measured. We found differences in assemblage composition, among the 25 genera of Ephemeroptera and Trichoptera, at the habitat level. The most important variables affecting distribution patterns were substrate and flow type, but macroalgae and organic matter (twigs, leaves, and detritus) were also important predictors. Riffles maintained the highest richness but when considering only the Ephemeroptera taxa, fine substrate runs emerged also as an important habitat for these taxa. Our study provided valuable ecological information related to habitat preference of taxa with a key role in stream functioning and of great usefulness for the monitoring of lotic systems.

Abstract: Macrophytes play an important role in lotic systems increasing habitat heterogeneity and providing food and shelter for wildlife. The aim of the study was to analyze the structure and composition of the invertebrate community associated with macrophytes in headwater streams in mountain grasslands (Ctalamochita sub-basin, Córdoba, Argentina) in two hydrological periods. The structure of the invertebrate assemblages in different macrophyte species (Hydrocotyle spp., Rorippa nasturtium-aquaticum and Ranunculus flagelliformis) was also evaluated. Three streams were sampled during high water (March 2012) and low water (August 2012) period. In each period, samples of invertebrates associated with the dominant macrophyte in each stream were collected. Seventy-two taxa of phytophilous macroinvertebrates were identified. The most frequent and abundant taxa were Naidinae, Hyalella curvispina, Americabaetis spp., Corynoneura spp. and Rheotanytarsus spp. Assemblages composition differed between hydrological periods and greater abundance of invertebrates was detected in R. nasturtium-aquaticum. The results showed that macrophyte patches in grassland headwater streams harbor an abundant and diverse invertebrate fauna and provide important base information for biomonitoring.

Resumen: Las macrófitas cumplen un rol importante en los sistemas lóticos, incrementando la heterogeneidad del hábitat, proveyendo alimento y refugio para la fauna. El objetivo del estudio fue analizar la estructura y composición de la comunidad de macroinvertebrados asociados a macrófitas en arroyos de cabecera en pastizales de altura (subcuenca Ctalamochita, Córdoba, Argentina) en 2 períodos hidrológicos. Asimismo, se evaluó la estructura de los ensambles de macroinvertebrados presentes en diferentes especies de macrófitas (Hydrocotyle spp., Rorippa nasturtium-aquaticum y Ranunculus flagelliformis). Se muestrearon 3 arroyos durante los periodos hidrológicos de aguas altas (marzo de 2012) y aguas bajas (agosto de 2012). En cada período se colectaron muestras de macroinvertebrados asociados a la macrófita dominante en cada arroyo. Se identificaron 72 taxones de macroinvertebrados fitófilos. Los más frecuentes y abundantes fueron Naidinae, Hyallela curvispina, Americabaetis spp., Corynoneura spp. y Rheotanytarsus spp. La composición de los ensambles difirió entre períodos hidrológicos y se detectó una mayor abundancia de macroinvertebrados en R. nasturtium-acuaticum. Los resultados demuestran que los parches de macrófitas en los arroyos de cabecera en pastizales de altura albergan una fauna de macroinvertebrados abundante y diversa, y proporcionan a su vez importante información de base para el biomonitoreo de estos sistemas acuáticos.